Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 88
Filter
1.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 81: e0058, 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1394861

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze and describe the coefficients found on maximum Ambrósio Relational Thickness-Maximum (ART-Max) and Belin/Ambrósio Enhanced Ectasia Display total deviation (BAD-D) in eyes with normal corneal topography subjected to cataract surgery with premium intraocular lens implantation and correlated these data with final visual acuity. Methods ART-Max and BAD-D data from 103 eyes of patients subjected to implantation of diffractive bifocal intraocular lens, with normal corneal topography who achieved visual acuity of 20/20 or 20/25 without correction after cataract surgery were analyzed. The groups with normal and abnormal values were compared using the chi-square test. Results Thirty-two (31.1%) and 71 (68.9%) eyes presented normal and abnormal ART-Max values, respectively. The difference between these groups was significant (p=0.0002). Fifty-five (53.4%) and 48 (46.6%) eyes had normal and abnormal BAD-D, respectively, and intergroup difference was not significant (p=0.9576). Conclusion Among patients with normal corneal topography who underwent premium intraocular and had good final visual acuity of 20/20 or 20/25, suspicious or abnormal indices of ART-Max and BAD-D were frequent, providing evidence that it possibly should not be a contraindication.


RESUMO Objetivo Analisar e descrever os coeficientes numéricos encontrados nos exames Ambrósio Relational Thickness-Maximum (ART-Max) e desvio total do Belin/Ambrósio Enhanced Ectasia Display (BAD-D) em olhos com topografia normal submetidos ao implante de lente intraocular premium na cirurgia de catarata, correlacionando-os com a acuidade visual final pós-operatória. Métodos Foram analisados os resultados de ART-Max e BAD-D de 103 olhos de pacientes submetidos ao implante de lentes bifocais difrativas, que apresentavam exame topográficos normal e alcançaram acuidade visual 20/20 ou 20/25 sem correção visual no pós-operatório final. Para a análise estatística entre os grupos normais e anormais ou suspeitos, utilizou-se o teste do qui-quadrado. Resultados Foram encontrados 32 (31,1%) olhos com ART-Max normal e 71 (68,9%) com ART-Max suspeito/anormal. A diferença entre os grupos foi significativa (p=0,0002). Quanto ao BAD-D, foram encontrados 55 (53,4%) olhos com resultados normais e 48 (46,6%) com resultados suspeitos/anormais. A diferença entre os grupos não foi significativa (p=0,9576). Conclusão Entre os pacientes com topografia normal submetidos ao implante de lentes premium e que alcançaram acuidade visual 20/20 ou 20/25, os índices suspeitos ou anormais de ART-Max e BAD-D eram frequentes, não se configurando em contraindicação para a realização do implante.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Refractive Errors/prevention & control , Visual Acuity/physiology , Cornea/pathology , Corneal Diseases/diagnosis , Corneal Topography/methods , Dilatation, Pathologic/diagnosis , Postoperative Complications , Cataract Extraction/adverse effects , Retrospective Studies , ROC Curve , Corneal Diseases/etiology , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/adverse effects , Corneal Pachymetry/methods
2.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 84(4): 316-323, July-Aug. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1285290

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the safety of primary intraocular lens implantation in a large number of eyes in children aged <24 months. Methods: The medical records of patients aged 5-24 months, who underwent primary intraocular lens implantation in the capsular bag, were reviewed. A foldable three-piece acrylic intraocular lens was implanted by the same surgeon using a single surgical technique. Patients who had <1 year of follow-up after the surgery were excluded. The main outcome measurements included visual acuity, myopic shift, follow-up complications, and additional surgeries. Results: Sixty-eight patients (93 eyes) were analyzed. The mean age of the patients at the time of surgery was 15.06 ± 6.19 months (range: 5-24 months), and the spherical equivalent 1 month after surgery was 3.62 ± 2.32 D. After 5.67 ± 3.10 years, the spherical equivalent was -0.09 ± 3.22 D, and the corrected distance visual acuity was 0.33 ± 0.33 and 0.64 ± 0.43 logMAR in bilateral and unilateral cases, respectively (p=0.000). The highest myopic shift was observed in infants who underwent surgery at ages 5 and 6 months. The most frequent complications included visual axis opacification and corectopia. Glaucoma and retinal detachment were not reported. Conclusion: Primary in-the-bag intraocular lens implantation in children aged 5-24 months is safe, and is associated with low rates of adverse events and additional surgery.


RESUMO Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a segurança do implante de lente intraocular primária em um grande número de olhos em crianças <24 meses. Métodos: Foram revisados os prontuários de pacientes com idade entre 5-24 meses, submetidos a implante primário de lente intraocular no saco capsular. Uma lente intraocular acrílica de três peças dobrável foi implantada pelo mesmo cirurgião usando uma única técnica cirúrgica. Pacientes que tiveram <1 ano de acompanhamento após a cirurgia foram excluídos. Os principais resultados incluíram medidas de acuidade visual, mudança miópica, complicações pós operatórias e cirurgias adicionais. Resultados: Foram analisados 68 pacientes (93 olhos). A média de idade dos pacientes no momento da cirurgia foi de 15,06 ± 6,19 (5 a 24) meses, e o equivalente esférico 1 mês após a cirurgia foi de 3,62 ± 2,32 D. Após 5,67 ± 3,10 anos, o equivalente esférico foi de -0,09 ± 3,22 D, e a acuidade visual corrigida à distância foi de 0,33 ± 0,33 e 0,64 ± 0,43 logMAR em casos bilaterais e casos unilaterais, respectivamente (p=0,000). A maior mudança míopica foi observado em bebês submetidos à cirurgia aos 5 e 6 meses de idade. As complicações mais frequentes incluíram opacificação do eixo visual e corectopia. Glaucoma e descolamento de retina não foram relatados. Conclusão: O implante primário de lente intraocular no saco capsular em crianças de 5-24 meses é seguro e está associado à baixas taxas de eventos adversos e cirurgias adicional.


Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Cataract Extraction , Lenses, Intraocular , Postoperative Complications , Retrospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/adverse effects
3.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 33(4): e970, oct.-dic. 2020. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1156586

ABSTRACT

Se presenta una paciente femenina, de 52 años de edad, con antecedentes de asma bronquial, miopía y glaucoma juvenil diagnosticado a los 22 años de edad. Le fueron realizadas dos trabeculectomías en el ojo izquierdo y una en el ojo derecho. En el año 2008 se le realizó cirugía de facoemulsificación más implante de lente intraocular en ambos ojos. La paciente acudió a nuestro Servicio hace un año, y refirió disminución progresiva de la visión. El examen oftalmológico reveló agudeza visual mejor corregida de 0,4 y presión intraocular de 30 y 23,5 mm/Hg para los respectivos ojos, con terapia hipotensora máxima tolerable. Al fondo de ojo se observó daño glaucomatoso avanzado, mayor en ojo izquierdo. Como opción de tratamiento se realizó ciclofotocoagulación transescleral en 2 cuadrantes del ojo derecho. A los 6 meses se constató presión intraocular de 30 y 18 mm/Hg, y se decidió el implante de la válvula de Baervelt en el temporal superior del ojo derecho. En el posoperatorio a los 7 días el examen oftalmológico arrojó presión intraocular de 5 mm/Hg, atalamia grado III y agudeza visual mejor corregida de 0,2. Se prescribió tratamiento con midriático ciclopléjico y antinflamatorios tópicos y sistémicos, y se logró a los 15 días mejoría del cuadro ocular. Se obtuvo buena agudeza visual y presión intraocular de 12 mmHg a los 3 meses del posoperatorio. El dispositivo del drenaje de Baerveldt es eficaz para lograr la reducción de la presión intraocular en el glaucoma refractario(AU)


A case is presented of a female 52-year-old patient with a history of bronchial asthma, myopia and juvenile glaucoma diagnosed at age 22. Two trabeculectomies were performed on the left eye and one on the right eye. In the year 2008 the patient underwent phacoemulsification surgery plus intraocular lens implantation in both eyes. She attended our service a year ago, reporting progressive vision reduction. Ophthalmological examination revealed best corrected visual acuity of 0.4 and intraocular pressure of 30 and 23.5 mm/Hg for either eye, with maximum tolerated hypotensive therapy. Funduscopy showed advanced glaucomatous damage, greater in the left eye. The treatment option selected was transcleral cyclophotocoagulation in two quadrants of the right eye. At 6 months intraocular pressure was 30 and 18 mm/Hg, and it was decided to implant a Baerveldt valve in the upper temporal quadrant of the right eye. Ophthalmological examination results at 7 days postoperative were intraocular pressure 5 mm/Hg, grade III athalamia and best corrected visual acuity 0.2. The treatment indicated was a cycloplegic mydriatic and topical and systemic anti-inflammatories. Ocular status improvement was achieved at 15 days. Satisfactory visual acuity and an intraocular pressure of 12 mm/Hg were obtained at 3 months postoperative. The Baerveldt drainage device is effective to achieve intraocular pressure reduction in refractory glaucoma(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Trabeculectomy/methods , Glaucoma/diagnosis , Phacoemulsification/methods , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/adverse effects , Vision, Ocular/physiology
4.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 33(2): e818, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1139072

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia de una combinación de lidocaína 2 por ciento y fenilefrina 1 por ciento administrada intracameralmente para provocar midriasis intraoperatoria en la cirugía de catarata. Métodos: Realizamos un estudio prospectivo, comparativo, de serie de casos en 70 ojos de igual número de pacientes quienes fueron sometidos a cirugía de catarata mediante facoemulsificación con implante de lente intraocular, en el Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología "Ramón Pando Ferrer" entre septiembre del año 2017 y febrero de 2018. 35 pacientes fueron dilatados con una combinación de fenilefrina y lidocaína inyectada en la cámara anterior justo antes de la cirugía (grupo midriáticos intracamerales) y otros 35 ojos se dilataron con un colirio midriático como se realiza cotidianamente y de manera tradicional (grupo midriáticos tópicos). La eficacia se evaluó mediante la medición del diámetro pupilar (pupilometría) realizada con un compás quirúrgico en diferentes momentos de la cirugía en ambos grupos de estudio. Los resultados de ambos grupos se compararon entre sí. Resultados: En ambos grupos de pacientes se lograron diámetros pupilares superiores a los 7 mm justo antes de la capsulorrexis, aunque fueron ligeramente mayor en el grupo midriáticos tópicos (8,17 vs. 7,55 mm). En las mediciones posteriores todas las pupilometrías del grupo midriáticos intracamerales fueron superiores y se mantuvieron por encima de los 7 mm, mientras las del grupo midriáticos tópicos sufrieron una reducción paulatina hasta el final de la cirugía (5,68 mm). Conclusiones: La combinación de lidocaína más fenilefrina aplicada de manera intracameral es efectiva para provocar una midriasis adecuada y mantenida durante la cirugía de catarata(AU)


ABSTRACT Objective: Evaluate the efficacy of the combination 2 percent lidocaine / 1 percent phenylephrine administered intracamerally to achieve intraoperative mydriasis in cataract surgery. Methods: A prospective comparative study was conducted of a case series of 70 patients (70 eyes) who underwent cataract surgery by phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation at Ramón Pando Ferrer Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology from September 2017 to February 2018. Of the total eyes, 35 were dilated with a combination of phenylephrine and lidocaine injected into the anterior chamber just before surgery (MIC group), whereas the remaining 35 were dilated with mydriatic eye drops in the habitual traditional manner (MT group). Efficacy was evaluated in the two study groups measuring the pupil diameter (pupilometry) with a surgical compass at several moments during the surgery. The results for each group were compared. Results: In both groups patients achieved pupil diameters above 7 mm just before capsulorhexis, though values were slightly higher in the MT group (8.17 vs. 7.55 mm). Later measurement showed that in the MIC group all pupilometries were higher, remaining above 7 mm, whereas in the MT group they underwent gradual reduction until the end of surgery (5.68 mm). Conclusions: The combination of lidocaine and phenylephrine administered intracamerally is effective to achieve appropriate, sustained mydriasis during cataract surgery(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Phenylephrine/therapeutic use , Cataract Extraction/methods , Phacoemulsification/methods , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/adverse effects , Lidocaine/therapeutic use , Comparative Study , Prospective Studies , Drug Therapy, Combination/methods
5.
Clinics ; 74: e809, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1019703

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to evaluate the effects of cataract surgery on cardiac autonomic modulation. METHODS: A cross-sectional and analytical study was conducted at the Hospital Maria Braido in the city of São Caetano do Sul, São Paulo, between 2015 and 2016. We investigated 19 patients of both sexes who were all over 50 years old; all patients had a diagnosis of senile or bilateral cataracts and were recommended to undergo implantation of the intraocular lens. Heart rate variability (HRV) was evaluated before, during and after cataract surgery. RESULTS: There were no significant changes in the time and geometric domains of HRV before, during or after surgery. The high-frequency (HF) band in normalized units (nu) on the spectral analysis significantly increased (p=0.02, Cohen's d=0.9, large effect size). However, the low-frequency (LF) band in nu significantly decreased during surgery (p=0.02, Cohen's d=0.9, large effect size). CONCLUSION: Throughout the intraocular lens implantation cataract surgery, there was an increase in parasympathetic modulation and a decrease in the sympathetic component of the heart rate (HR). We propose that this result is attributable to the supine position of the patients during surgery and the trigeminal reflex.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Autonomic Nervous System/physiopathology , Cataract Extraction/adverse effects , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/adverse effects , Heart Rate/physiology , Reference Values , Time Factors , Trigeminal Nerve/physiopathology , Body Mass Index , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prospective Studies , Statistics, Nonparametric
6.
Clinics ; 74: e966, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1011924

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To compare long-term postoperative complications of pediatric cataract surgery with primary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation associated with posterior capsulotomy (PC) and anterior vitrectomy (AV) between patients treated with a corneal or pars plicata/pars plana approach. METHODS: Children who underwent cataract surgery with in-the-bag primary IOL implantation were divided into two groups according to PC and AV surgical approach: a corneal approach (group 1) and a pars plicata/pars plana approach (group 2). Only patients with a follow-up duration of more than two years were included. Long-term surgical outcomes were retrospectively reported. RESULTS: The mean follow-up period was 10.00±3.13 years. No cases of glaucoma or retinal detachment were reported. The mean age at surgery was 34.57±22.66 months. Forty-six children were included (27 eyes in group 1 and 29 eyes in group 2). The most frequent postoperative complication was corectopia, followed by visual axis opacification. Both complications occurred more frequently in group 1 (p<0.001). After cataract surgery, the rate of additional surgeries in group 1 was 51.9%, while in group 2, the rate was 27.6% (p=0.1132). CONCLUSION: The pars plicata/pars plana approach with PC and vitrectomy with primary in-the-bag IOL implantation for pediatric cataracts is a safe procedure.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Cataract/congenital , Cataract Extraction/methods , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/methods , Postoperative Complications , Vitrectomy , Cataract Extraction/adverse effects , Retrospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/adverse effects , Posterior Capsulotomy
7.
Rev. medica electron ; 40(6): 2108-2119, nov.-dic. 2018. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-978721

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Se presentó un caso operado de ptosis palpebral severa del ojo izquierdo, en un paciente de 83 años de edad, chofer profesional. el mismo fue corregido mediante la técnica de Fox, fijando el párpado superior al músculo frontal con una banda de silicona de 1 mm de ancho. Se presentaron los buenos resultados de esta cirugía correctiva en el trans-operatorio y post-operatorio de 7 días y al mes. Se mostraron resultados satisfactorios visual y estético con el uso de la misma. No se reportó reacción adversa a la banda de silicona. Se recomienda extender el uso de esta técnica a todos los servicios de la provincia. Continuar el perfeccionamiento de la misma en el servicio (AU).


ABSTRACT An 83 years old patient, professional driver, operated of a severe ptosis in the left eye, is corrected by Fox procedure, fixating the upper eyelid to the frontal muscle with a silicone band of 1 mm. The good corrective results, during surgery, after that, at 7 days and at a month, are showed as a great achievement in visual and aesthetic fields. There was not allergic reaction to the silicone material. We recommend to extend the use of this procedure to all provinces services and to continue the improvement of the procedure in our service (AU).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Blepharoptosis/surgery , Cataract Extraction/adverse effects , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/adverse effects , Eyelid Diseases/diagnosis , Rehabilitation , Blepharoptosis/diagnosis
8.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 77(4): 207-210, jul.-ago. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-959103

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Relatamos um caso de astigmatismo residual, após cirurgia de catarata com implante de lente intra-ocular (LIO) tórica (Acrysof Toric, Alcon, Frot Worth TX). A refração residual (+1,25 -2,50 x 105º) e o posicionamento da LIO implantada neste olho, foram correlacionados com a aberrometria total obtida por ray tracing de pontos individuais integrada à da face anterior da córnea obtida por topografia de Plácido, para cálculo das aberrações internas (iTrace, Tracey, Technologies, Houston TX). O cálculo do eixo ideal da LIO, para minimizar a refração residual foi realizado de acordo com Berdahl & Hardten (astigmatismfix.com). A rotação da LIO foi realizada com sucesso 5 meses após a cirurgia inicial para o eixo indicado, reduzindo o erro residual para +0,25 -0,25 x 61º e promovendo reabilitação visual sem correção de 20/20.


ABSTRACT We report a case of residual astigmatism after cataract surgery with toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation (Acrysof Toric, Alcon, Frot Worth TX). Residual refraction (+1,25 -2,50 x 105º) and IOL positioning were correlated with total ray-tracing wavefront aberrometry integrated with anterior corneal surface Placido-based topography to calculate internal aberrations (iTrace, Tracey Technologies, Houston TX). The ideal IOL axis to minimize residual refraction was calculated with Berdahl & Hardten (astigmatismfix.com). IOL rotation to the indicated axis was successfully performed 5 months after initial surgery, reducing residual error to +0,25 -0,25 x 61º, promoting visual reabilitation, with final uncorrected distance visual acuity 20/20.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Astigmatism/surgery , Astigmatism/etiology , Rotation/adverse effects , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/adverse effects , Lenses, Intraocular/adverse effects , Postoperative Complications , Refraction, Ocular/physiology , Reoperation , Astigmatism/diagnosis , Cataract , Case Reports , Visual Acuity , Phacoemulsification , Aberrometry , Slit Lamp Microscopy
9.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 81(3): 183-187, May-June 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-950460

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: This report describes the use of Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty for the management of endothelial decompensation after multifocal intraocular lens implantation. Methods: In this retrospective study, we reviewed and assessed the surgical outcomes of 9 patients (9 eyes) who underwent Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty after multifocal intraocular lens implantation. Results: Corneal edema occurred due to Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (n=3), pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (n=3), Descemet's membrane detachment (n=2), and toxic anterior segment syndrome (n=1). The Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty surgeries were uneventful in all eyes, but rebubbling procedures were necessary in 2 eyes. One month after the surgery, all the corneas were clear. After 6 months, excluding 1 eye with amblyopia, the mean distance corrected visual acuity was 0.10 logMAR, with all eyes achieving 0.18 logMAR or better. Conclusions: This is the first report of Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty after multifocal intraocular lens implantation, and it suggests that good results can be achieved without multifocal intraocular lens exchange.


RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever o uso da ceratoplastia endotelial da membrana de Descemet para manejar descompensação endotelial após implante de lente intraocular multifocal. Métodos: Neste estudo retrospectivo, foram revisados e avaliados os resultados cirúrgicos de 9 olhos de 9 pacientes que foram submetidos a ceratoplastia endotelial da membrana de Descemet para manejar descompensação endotelial após implante de lente intraocular multifocal. Resultados: Descompensação endotelial ocorreu por distrofia endotelial de Fuchs (n=3), ceratopatia bolhosa do pseudofácico (n=3), descolamento da membrana de Descemet (n=2) e síndrome tóxica do segmento anterior (n=1). No ato per operatório de todos os olhos não houve intercorrência, com injeção de ar sendo necessário em dois olhos no pós-operatório por descolamento parcial do enxerto. Um mês após a cirurgia, todas as córneas estavam claras. Após seis meses, excluindo um olho com ambliopia, a acuidade visual média corrigida para longe foi de 0,10 logMAR, com todos os olhos atingindo 0,18 logMAR ou melhor. Conclusões: Este é o primeiro relato de ceratoplastia endotelial da membrana de Descemet após implante de lente intraocular multifocal, sugerindo que bons resultados podem ser alcançados sem a troca da lente intraocular multifocal.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Pseudophakia/surgery , Descemet Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty/methods , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Pseudophakia/etiology , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/adverse effects
10.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 81(3): 212-218, May-June 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-950459

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the complications and clinical results of Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) in patients with endothelial failure that occurred during the learning curve of a surgeon. Methods: Fifty eyes of 50 patients with DMEK and ≥6 months of follow-up were included. The patients were divided into the first 25 (group 1) and the second 25 (group 2) procedures performed by the surgeon. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central corneal thickness (CCT), unfolding time of the Descemet membrane (DM) graft, and intraoperative and postoperative complications were compared between groups. Results: The differences in postoperative increase of BCVA (p=0.595) and decrease of CCT (p=0.725) in the two groups were not significant. The unfolding time of the DM was longer in group 1 than in group 2 (p=0.001). Primary graft failure occurred in three patients in group 1 and none in group 2. At the last visit, 42 (85.7%) of patients' corneas were clear, with significant difference between groups (p=0.584). A patient in group 1 with a history of pars plana vitrectomy, inferior iridectomy, and fluid as a tamponade experienced drop of the DM graft into the iridectomy space. All other intraoperative complications occurred in group 1. Conclusions: Occurrence of intraoperative and postoperative complications was increased in patients with coexisting ocular pathology or complicated endothelial dysfunction and during the surgeon's learning curve of DM endothelial keratoplasty procedures.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar as complicações e os resultados clínicos da queratoplastia endotelial da membrana de Descemet (DMEK) em indivíduos com insuficiência endotelial, durante a curva de aprendizado de um cirurgião. Métodos: Cinquenta olhos de 50 pacientes submetidos ao procedimento queratoplastia endotelial da membrana de Descemet com pelo menos 6 meses de acompanhamento foram incluídos neste estudo. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: como os primeiros 25 casos do cirurgião (grupo 1) e como os 25 casos seguintes (grupo 2). A melhor acuidade visual corrigida (MAVC), a espessura corneana central (ECC), o tempo de desdobramento do enxerto da membrana de Descemet (MD), as complicações intraoperatórias e pós-operatórias foram apresentadas e comparadas entre os grupos. Resultados: Os grupos não diferiram estatisticamente em relação ao aumento pós-operatório de melhor acuidade visual corrigida (p=0,595) ou à diminuição da espessura corneana central (p=0,725). O tempo de desdobramento dos enxertos de membrana de Descemet no grupo 1 foi maior do que no grupo 2 (p=0,001). Falha do enxerto primário foi observada em 3 pacientes do grupo 1 e em nenhum do grupo 2. Na última visita, 42 (85,7%) das córneas dos pacientes estavam claras e não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos (p=0,584). Na cirurgia de um paciente do grupo 1, com história de vitrectomia pars plana (PPV) com iridectomia inferior e fluido como tamponamento, observou-se queda do enxerto de membrana de Descemet no local da iridectomia. Além disso, todas as demais complicações intraoperatórias ocorreram no grupo 1. Conclusões: As complicações intraoperatórias e pós-operatórias foram maiores em pacientes com coexistência de outra patologia ocular ou com disfunção endotelial complicada durante as curvas de aprendizado dos cirurgiões no procedimento queratoplastia endotelial da membrana de Descemet.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Postoperative Complications , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/adverse effects , Corneal Endothelial Cell Loss/surgery , Corneal Endothelial Cell Loss/etiology , Descemet Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty/adverse effects , Intraoperative Complications , Visual Acuity , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Descemet Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty/methods
11.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 81(2): 92-94, Mar.-Apr. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-950441

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To study the safety parameters associated with intracameral moxifloxacin application five weeks after cataract surgery. Methods: The study was a prospective case series set in a private hospital in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. A consecutive sample of 1,016 cataract surgeries was evaluated. The inclusion criteria were patients with indications for cataract surgery, a minimum of 55 years of age, and no history of allergy to quinolones. Patients were prepared for surgery using a 5% povidone solution diluted as a topical antiseptic agent. The operative technique was phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation. A 0.3-mL syringe was partially filled with moxifloxacin and 150 µg/0.03 mL of moxifloxacin was administered through the surgical incision at the end of the surgery. Postoperatively, patients were prescribed: (1) 0.5% moxifloxacin eyedrops 5 times daily for 1 week, and (2) 1% prednisolone acetate eyedrops 5 times daily for 1 week, followed by 4 times daily for 1 week and, subsequently, 2 times daily for 3 weeks. The outcomes were incidence of acute endophthalmitis, mean changes from baseline to 5 postoperative weeks in corneal endothelial cell density, corrected distance visual acuity and intraocular pressure. Results: The mean age was 67 ± 5 years, and 56.2% of the patients were female. There were no cases of endophthalmitis. The mean preoperative corrected distance visual acuity was 58 letters ± 10 (SD), and the mean postoperative corrected distance visual acuity was 80 letters ± 4 (SD). The mean change in corneal endothelial cell density was 249 cells/mm (-10.3%). There was almost no difference in intraocular pressure. No study-related adverse events were observed. Conclusion: The results suggest moxifloxacin is a safe option for intracameral use after cataract surgery.


RESUMO Objetivo: Estudar alguns parâmetros de segurança da moxifloxacino intracameral nas cinco semanas após a cirurgia de catarata. Métodos: O estudo foi uma série de casos prospectivos. O cenário era um hospital privado em Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil. Foi considerada uma amostra consecutiva de 1.016 cirurgias de catarata. Os critérios de inclusão foram pacientes com indicação para cirurgia de catarata, com pelo menos 55 anos de idade e sem história de alergia a quinolonas. Os pacientes foram preparados para cirurgia usando uma solução de povidona a 5% diluída como agente anti-séptico tópico. A técnica operatória foi a facoemulsificação com implante de lente intraocular. Uma seringa de 0,3 mL foi parcialmente preenchida com moxifloxacino. Os pacientes receberam 150 µg/0,03 mL de moxifloxacino através da incisão cirúrgica no final da cirurgia. No pós-operatório, os pacientes foram prescritos: (1) moxifloxacino 0,5% 5 vezes ao dia durante 1 semana e (2) colírio de acetato de prednisolona a 1% 5 vezes ao dia durante 1 semana, seguido de 4 vezes ao dia durante 1 semana e, posteriormente, 2 vezes diariamente por 3 semanas. Os desfechos foram a incidência de endoftalmite aguda, variações entre os valores basais e os na 5ª semana pós-operatória referente à densidade celular endotelial corneana, acuidade visual corrigida para longe e pressão intraocular. Resultados: A média da idade foi de 67 ± 5 anos, e 56,2% dos pacientes eram do sexo feminino. Não houve casos de endoftalmite. A acuidade visual corrigida para longe préoperatório médio foi de 58 letras ± 10 (SD), e a acuidade visual corrigida para longe pósoperatório médio foi de 80 letras ± 4 (SD). A alteração média na densidade celular endotelial corneana foi de 249 células/mm (10,3%). Não houve diferença na pressão intraocular. Não foram observados eventos adversos relacionados ao estudo. Conclusão: Os resultados sugerem que o moxifloxacino é uma opção segura para o uso intracameral após a cirurgia de catarata.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Endophthalmitis/etiology , Endophthalmitis/prevention & control , Phacoemulsification/adverse effects , Fluoroquinolones/administration & dosage , Injections, Intraocular/methods , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Visual Acuity/physiology , Endophthalmitis/physiopathology , Prospective Studies , Statistics, Nonparametric , Antibiotic Prophylaxis/methods , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/adverse effects , Moxifloxacin , Intraocular Pressure/physiology
12.
Clinics ; 72(9): 543-546, Sept. 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-890729

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficiency of long-term cataract surgery using low-cost intraocular lens implantation in community campaigns. METHODS: Fifty-eight randomly selected patients were evaluated four years after phacoemulsification and Ioflex intraocular lens implantation. Causes of low visual acuity related to the intraocular lens were evaluated, and treatment costs were calculated. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 72±10.2 years. Four years after surgery, 25 eyes (43.0%) had decreased visual acuity related to the intraocular lens: posterior capsule opacification was noted in 24 eyes (41.3%), and intraocular lens opacification was noted in one eye (1.7%). The total cost of the post-surgical complication treatments represented 6.3% of the initial budget of the entire surgical patient group. CONCLUSIONS: The efficiency of cataract surgery with low-cost Ioflex intraocular lens implantation was significantly reduced in a long-term follow-up study because postoperative complications related to intraocular lenses emerged at higher rates than when the gold-standard treatment was used.


Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Acrylic Resins/economics , Acrylic Resins/therapeutic use , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/methods , Lenses, Intraocular/economics , Phacoemulsification/methods , Capsule Opacification/etiology , Costs and Cost Analysis , Follow-Up Studies , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/adverse effects , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/economics , Lenses, Intraocular/adverse effects , Phacoemulsification/adverse effects , Phacoemulsification/economics , Postoperative Complications , Prosthesis Design , Reproducibility of Results , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Visual Acuity
13.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 80(3): 199-201, May-June 2017. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-888119

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT We describe a unique complication during primary posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis (PCCC) in a patient with megalocornea scheduled for phacoemulsification with toric multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. After nucleus emulsification and cortex removal, the capsular bag was filled with cohesive viscoelastic in preparation for PCCC to achieve reverse optic capture of the IOL, thus ensuring stability. However, as soon as the initial puncture was made using a 27-gauge needle to start the capsulotomy, the posterior capsule opening extended peripherally from 0º-180º. This capsule extension was similar to the Argentinean-flag sign in hypermature cataracts, and both are caused by excessive intracapsular pressure. Careful bimanual manipulation was performed to implant the IOL on the desired axis, which occurred uneventfully. At a postoperative visit, the patient exhibited excellent uncorrected visual acuity with a well-aligned IOL.


RESUMO Os autores demonstram uma complicação durante a realização de uma capsulo tomia circular contínua posterior (CCCP) em um paciente com megalocórnea programado facoemulsificação com implante de lente intraocular (LIO) tórica multifocal. Após a remoção do núcleo e córtex, o saco capsular foi preenchido por viscoelástico coesivo com finalidade de prepará-lo para realização da CCCP e com isso assegurar o correto alinhamento do implante no eixo desejado. Entretanto, assim que a agulha de 27-gauge foi utilizada para confecção puntura inicial da capsulotomia, imediatamente a cápsula posterior se abriu até periferia de 0-180 graus, similar à lesão capsular vista no sinal da Bandeira Argentina em cataratas hipermaduras, ambos causados por pressão excessiva intracapsular. Manipulação cuidadosa foi realizada para implantação da lente no eixo correto, a qual aconteceu sem intercorrências. No pós-operatório, a paciente apresentou uma excelente acuidade visual sem correção com LIO corretamente alinhada no eixo desejado.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cataract/complications , Phacoemulsification/adverse effects , Capsulorhexis/adverse effects , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/adverse effects , Posterior Capsular Rupture, Ocular/etiology , Intraoperative Complications/etiology , Punctures/adverse effects , Visual Acuity , Treatment Outcome , Capsulorhexis/methods , Posterior Capsule of the Lens/surgery , Posterior Capsule of the Lens/injuries , Posterior Capsule of the Lens/pathology , Needles/adverse effects
14.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 30(2): 1-11, abr.-jun. 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-901360

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: comparar el poder del lente intraocular calculado con las lecturas queratométricas efectivas medidas a tres y cuatro milímetros del Pentacam en miopes con cirugía fotoablativa, con los valores obtenidos por el método de historia clínica y el de Maloney. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, de serie de casos, en 50 ojos de 25 pacientes miopes operados con excimer laser, donde se determinó la queratometría mediante el método de historia clínica y el de Maloney. Se compararon con las lecturas queratométricas efectivas a los tres y cuatro milímetros del Pentacam. Se calculó el lente intraocular con las queratometrías obtenidas por los tres métodos anteriores expuestos, por fórmula de Haigis. El análisis estadístico se realizó con la prueba T para datos pareados, con una significación del 95 por ciento. Resultados: el error refractivo preoperatorio promedio fue de -4,71 ± 1,27 dioptrías. El valor queratométrico por el método de historia clínica efectiva fue de 39,64 ± 2,13 dioptrías; por el de Maloney de 39,39 ± 2,40 dioptrías y por el de lecturas queratométricas efectivas a 3 y 4 mm fueron 39,45 ± 2,28 y 39,40 ± 2,08 dioptrías respectivamente. El lente intraocular calculado con la queratometría obtenida por el método de historia clínica, el de Maloney y el de lecturas queratométricas efectivas a 3,0 mm y a 4,0 mm fue 21,91 ± 2,86 dioptrías; 22,24 ± 3,14 dioptrías; 22,16 ± 3,16 dioptrías y 22,23 ± 3,08 dioptrías respectivamente, sin diferencias estadísticas significativas (p> 0,05). Conclusiones: el Pentacam con el Holladay Report aporta poderes corneales que pueden utilizarse para el cálculo del lente intraocular en miopes con cirugía fotoablativa previa(AU)


Objective: to compare the intraocular lens power calculated through effective keratometric readings taken at three and four milimeters away from Pentacam with the values obtained by means of the medical history method and the Maloney´s method in myopic patients with prior photoablative surgery. Methods: case series and descriptive study conducted in 50 eyes from 25 myopic patients operated on with excimer laser, in which keratometry was determined through the medical history method and Maloney´s method and then compared with the effective keratometric readings taken three and four milimeters away from Pentacam. The keratometries obtained through the three above-mentioned methods allowed calculating the intraocular lens power, based on Hagis formula. The statistical analysis was based on paired-T test with 95 percent significance level. Results: average preoperative refractive error was -4.71 ± 1.27 diopters. The effective keratometric value calculated by the medical history method was 39.64 ± 2.13 diopters; by Maloney´s method was 39.39 ± 2.40 and by the effective keratometric readings at three and four mm were 39.45 ± 2.28 y 39.40 ± 2.08 diopters, respectively. The intraocular lens calculated with the medical history method keratometry, the Maloney´s method keratomery and with the effective keratometric readings was 21.91 ± 2.86 diopters; 22.24 ± 3.14 diopters; 22.16 ± 3.16 diopters and 22.23 ± 3.08 diopters, respectively, with no significant statistical difference (p> 0.05). Conclusions: Pentacam along with Holladay Report provide corneal powers that may be used in calculating intraocular lens power in myopic patients after photoablative surgery(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Laser Therapy/methods , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/adverse effects , Myopia/surgery , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Data Interpretation, Statistical
15.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 80(2): 114-117, Mar.-Apr. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-838793

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: Artisan iris-claw lens implantation (AICLI) is a surgical technique for treating ectopia lentis. We aimed to compare visual outcomes and possible long-term complications of AICLI surgery in pediatric patients with ectopia lentis with or without a diagnosable hereditary disease. Methods: Seventeen children with non-traumatic ectopia lentis were retros pectively classified into two groups: group 1 included children with a diagnosable hereditary disease (11 patients, 65%), and group 2 included children without any definable hereditary disease (six patients, 35%). Patients were evaluated for post-surgical refraction, best-corrected visual acuity, and clinical follow-up complications. Results: The average follow-up time was 38 months, and the average age of the patients was 103 ± 53 months (30-196 months). Best-corrected visual acuity values were significantly increased in both groups after surgery (p<0.05). Target refraction values were achieved at a rate of 47% in group 1 and 22% in group 2. Post-surgery complications, such as lens dislocation (36%, 11 eyes of 10 patients) and hypotonia (10%, three eyes of three patients) were observed in both groups, and retinal detachments (10%, three eyes of three patients) were observed in three patients from group 1. Conclusions: Compared with previous similar studies, this study utilized the largest pediatric patient group and had the longest post-surgery follow-up time. Moreover, it is advisable that pediatric patients with non-traumatic ectopia lentis be carefully screened for any underlying hereditary disease, especially diseases related to connective tissue metabolism.


RESUMO Objetivo: A implantação de lentes intraoculares de fixação iriana em garra (AICLI) é uma técnica cirúrgica para o tratamento de ectopia lentis. Nosso objetivo foi comparar resultados visuais e possíveis complicações em longo prazo da cirurgia de AICLI em pacientes pediátricos com ectopia lentis com ou sem doença hereditária diagnosticável. Métodos: Dezessete crianças com ectopia lentis não-traumática foram classificadas retrospectivamente em dois grupos: o grupo 1 com pacientes apresentando doença hereditária diagnosticável (11 pacientes, 65%) e o grupo 2 com pacientes sem qualquer doença hereditária definível (6 pacientes, 35%). Os pacientes foram avaliados quanto à sua refração pós-operatória, acuidade visual melhor corrigida e complicações. Resultados: O tempo médio de seguimento foi 38 meses. A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 103 ± 53 meses (30-196 meses). Os valores de acuidade visual me lhor corrigida aumentaram significativamente em ambos os grupos (p<0,05). Os valores de refração alvo foram alcançados a uma taxa de 47% no grupo 1 e 22% no grupo 2. Complicações pós-operatórias como luxação da lente (36%, 11 olhos de 10 pacientes) e hipotonia (10%, 3 olhos de 3 pacientes) foram observados nos dois grupos e foram observados descolamentos de retina (10%, 3 olhos de 3 pacientes) em 3 pacientes do grupo 1. Conclusões: Em comparação com relatos anteriores na literatura, este estudo utilizou um grupo maior de pacientes pediátricos e tempo de seguimento pós-operatório mais longo. É aconselhável que pacientes pediátricos com ectopia lentis não-traumática sejam cuidadosamente selecionados em relação a doença subjacente hereditária, especialmente as doenças relacionadas com o metabolismo do tecido conjuntivo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Ectopia Lentis/surgery , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/methods , Postoperative Complications , Refraction, Ocular , Retinal Detachment/etiology , Visual Acuity , Ectopia Lentis/complications , Lens Subluxation/etiology , Retrospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Treatment Outcome , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/adverse effects , Marfan Syndrome/surgery , Marfan Syndrome/complications , Muscle Hypotonia/etiology
16.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 80(2): 104-107, Mar.-Apr. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-838792

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the outcomes of phacoemulsification with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in eyes with uveitis. Methods: Consecutive patients with uveitis and cataracts who had phacoemulsification and acrylic IOL implantation during 2007-2012 were evaluated for visual outcomes, etiology, and complications. Inflammation was controlled for at least 3 months before surgery, and oral prednisone (0.5 mg/kg/day) was administered to patients with non-infectious uveitis. Results: This study investigated 45 eyes in 38 patients with a mean age of 52 ± 12.5 years. The most common etiologies among non-infectious causes (n=32; 73.3%) were Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (n=9), Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis (n=4), and sympathetic ophthalmia (n=3). Four cases were idiopathic. Among infectious cases (n=13; 28.9%), the most common causes were toxoplasmosis (n=6) and presumed ocular tuberculosis (n=4). An acrylic IOL was implanted in-the-bag in all cases. After 1-year follow-up, an improvement in visual acuity of two or more lines was observed in 38 eyes (84.4%), and 28 eyes (62.2%) achieved a postoperative visual acuity of ≥0.5. Posterior capsule opacification was observed in 10 eyes (22.2%). Persistent postoperative inflammation (of >6 months) was observed in seven eyes (15.5%) and recurrence occurred in four eyes (8.8%). IOL was explanted in one eye. Intraocular hypertension was observed in six eyes (13.3%). Conclusions: Phacoemulsification with IOL implantation improved vision in most patients with coexisting cataracts and uveitis. Good preoperative and postoperative control of inflammation plays an important role in achieving favorable visual outcomes. Furthermore, the final visual outcome depends on the posterior segment status.


RESUMO Objetivos: Avaliar os resultados da facoemulsificação com implante de lente intraocular em olhos com uveíte. Métodos: Foram incluídos pacientes consecutivos com catarata e uveíte, submetidos a facoemulsificação com implante de lente intraocular acrílica no período de 2007 a 2012, onde avaliou-se resultados visuais, etiologia e complicações. A inflamação estava quiescente por pelo menos três meses e foi usado prednisona oral (0,5 mg/kg/dia) em pacientes com uveíte não infecciosa. Resultados: Este estudo incluiu 45 olhos de 38 pacientes com idade media de 52±12.5 anos. As etiologias mais frequentes, entre as causas não-infecciosas (n=32; 73,3%), foram doença de Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (n=9), idiopáticas (n=4), iridociclite heterocrômica de Fuchs (n=4) e oftalmia simpática (n=3). Entre as causas infecciosas (n=13; 28,9%), as mais frequentes foram toxoplamose (n=6) e tuberculose ocular presumida (n=4). Uma lente de acrílico foi implantada no saco capsular em todos os casos. Com um ano de seguimento, 38 olhos (84,4%) melhoraram 2 ou mais linhas; 28 olhos (62,2%) atingiram uma acuidade visual pós-operatória de 0,5 ou melhor. Opacidade de cápsula posterior foi observada em 10 olhos (22,2%). Inflamação pós-operatória persistente (>6 meses) foi observada em 7 olhos (15,5%) e a recorrência ocorreu em 4 olhos (8,8%). Houve necessidade de explante da lente em um olho. Hipertensão intraocular foi observada em 6 olhos (13,3%). Conclusões: Facoemulsificação com implante de lente intraocular melhorou a visão na maioria dos pacientes com catarata e uveíte. O controle adequado pré e pós-operatório da inflamação desempenha um papel reconhecidamente importante para obtenção de bons resultados visuais. O resultado visual final depende de alterações prévias do segmento posterior.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Uveitis/surgery , Cataract Extraction/statistics & numerical data , Phacoemulsification/statistics & numerical data , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/statistics & numerical data , Postoperative Complications , Brazil , Preoperative Care , Cataract Extraction/adverse effects , Visual Acuity , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Phacoemulsification/adverse effects , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/adverse effects , Tertiary Care Centers/statistics & numerical data , Inflammation/etiology
17.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 30(1): 0-0, ene.-mar. 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-901342

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: comparar los resultados visuales de los pacientes con cirugía refractiva corneal, operados de catarata e implante de lente intraocular, calculado por el método de Maloney y por Pentacam. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo y longitudinal en 41 ojos de 31 pacientes con catarata y antecedentes de cirugía refractiva corneal, divididos aleatoriamente en dos grupos (1 y 2) con 23 y 18 ojos respectivamente, para calcular el poder corneal por el método de Maloney y por Pentacam, respectivamente, necesario para el cálculo de la lente intraocular a implantar. Resultados: la mayoría de los pacientes tenía antecedentes de queratotomía radial (90,24 pr ciento). El poder dióptrico medio de la lente mediante el método de Maloney fue de 18,8 ± 4,20, mientras que con la lectura queratométrica, medida a 4,0 mm del Pentacam, fue de 18 ± 4,20, con una diferencia media de 0,80 dioptrías ( p= 0,000) asociada a la prueba de los rangos con signo de Wilcoxon. El componente esférico posoperatorio promedio fue de -0,49 ± 0,65 dioptrías en el grupo 1 y de -0,57 ± 0,685 en el grupo 2, con una diferencia entre la esfera observada y la esperada de 0,16 y 0,15 dioptrías respectivamente (p= 0,906), asociada a la prueba U de Mann-Whitney. quedaron emétropes un 43,48 por ciento del grupo 1 y un 50 por ciento del grupo 2. Conclusiones: ambos métodos brindan resultados visuales favorables, pero el cálculo de la lente intraocular a partir de las lecturas queratométricas aportadas por el Pentacam ofrece mejores resultados visuales para los pacientes con antecedentes de cirugía refractiva corneal(AU)


Objective: to compare the visual results of patients operated from cataract and with intraocular lens implantation through corneal refractive surgery and estimated by Maloney's method and Pentacam camera. Methods: prospective, longitudinal and descriptive study conducted in 41 eyes from 31 patients with cataract and history of refractive corneal surgery. They were randomly assigned to two groups (1 and 2) with 23 and 18 eyes, respectively in order to estimate the corneal power of the intraocular lens to be implanted through Maloney's method and Pentacam camera. Results: most of patients had history of radial keratotomy (90.24 percent). The average dioptric power of the lens according to Maloney's method was 18.8 ± 4.20 whereas the kerametric reading, measured at 4.0 mm from Pentacam was 18 ± 4.20, with a mean difference of 0.80 dioptries ((p= 0,000) associated to Wilcoxon's sign range test. The average postoperative spheral component was -0.49 ± 0.65 D in group 1 and -0.57 ± 0.685 in group 2, with a difference between the observed and the expected sphere of 0.16 and 0.15 dioptries, respectively (p= 0.906), associated to Mann-Whitney's U test. In group 1, 43.48 percent and in group 2, 50 percent remained emetropes. Conclusions: Both methods provide favorable visual results, but the calculation of the intraocular lens power through the keratometric readings by Pentacam offers better visual results for patients with a history of refractive corneal surgery(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Corneal Topography/methods , Keratotomy, Radial/methods , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/adverse effects , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Longitudinal Studies , Prospective Studies
18.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 79(6): 380-383, Nov.-Dec. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-838751

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate the relationship between biomechanical properties of the cornea and postoperative refractive changes in patients with low-level astigmatism after cataract surgery. Methods: This prospective study recruited patients undergoing cataract surgery involving 2.8-mm superior incisions. Biomechanical properties of the cornea were evaluated preoperatively using the Ocular Response Analyzer, and corneal profiles were evaluated using a Scheimpflug system (Pentacam HR). Topographic astigmatism, total corneal aberrations (TCA) and higher-order corneal aberrations (HOCA) analyses were performed preoperatively and during 1- and 3-month postoperative exams. The incidences of surgically-induced astigmatism (SIA) and HOCAs were calculated using vector analyses. Associations of the preoperative biomechanical properties of the cornea with SIA and HOCAs were evaluated. Results: This study included 28 eyes of 28 patients. The preoperative corneal hysteresis (CH) was 8.68 ± 1.86 mmHg, and the corneal resistance factor (CRF) was 8.66 ± 1.61 mmHg. At the 1-month postoperative evaluation, significant changes were observed in HOCAs (p=0.023), TCAs (p=0.05), astigmatism (p=0.02), and trefoil (p=0.033); in contrast, differences in coma (p=0.386) and spherical aberration (SA) were not significant (p=0.947). At the 3-month visit, significant changes were only observed in TCAs (p=0.02) and HOCAs (p=0.012). No relationships between the preoperative corneal hysteresis and corneal resistance factor and postoperative SIA and HOCA were identified, other than a positive correlation between the 3-month postoperative incidence of corneal hysteresis and spherical aberration. Conclusions: Despite the observed lack of relationships of preoperative biomechanical properties of the cornea with SIA and postoperative aberrations (except for SA), further studies involving larger patient groups are needed to explore the unexpected refractive deviations after cataract surgery.


RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar a relação entre as propriedades biomecânicas da córnea e as mudanças refrativas pós-operatórias em pacientes com baixa astigmatismo após a cirurgia de catarata. Método: Neste estudo prospectivo, recrutamos os pacientes submetidos a cirurgia de catarata com incisões superiores de 2,8 mm. As propriedades biomecânicas da córnea foram avaliadas no pré-operatório pelo Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA, Reichert, EUA) e o perfil corneano foi avaliado por um sistema Scheimpflug (Pentacam HR, Oculus Optikgeräte, GmbH). As avaliações do astigmatismo topográfico e das aberrações corneanas de alta ordem (HOCA) foram feitas no pré-operatório e no 1º e 3º mês pós-operatório. O astigmatismo induzido cirurgicamente (SIA) e aberrações corneanas de alta ordem foram calculados pela análise vetorial. Associações das propriedades biomecânicas da córnea no pré-operatório com astigmatismo induzido cirurgicamente e aberrações corneanas de alta ordem foram avaliadas. Resultados: O estudo foi realizado em 28 olhos de 28 pacientes. A histerese corneana (CH) pré-operatória foi 8,68 ± 1,86 mmHg, e o fator de resistência da córnea (CRF) foi de 8,66 ± 1,61 mmHg. No pós-operatório de 1 mês houve mudanças significativas aberrações corneanas de alta ordem (p=0,023), aberração total (p=0,05), astigmatismo (p=0,02) e trifóglio (p=0,033), mas as diferenças em coma (p=0,386) e aberração esférica (SA) foram insignificantes (p=0,947). No terceiro mês, a única mudança significativa foi em RMS total (p=0,02) e aberração total (p=0,012). Não houve relação entre histerese corneana e o fator de resistência da córnea pré-operatórios e astigmatismo induzido cirurgicamente e aberrações corneanas de alta ordem pós-operatórios, além de uma correlação positiva entre o histerese corneana e o aberração esférica do 3º mês pós-operatório. Conclusões: Apesar de não haver relação entre as propriedades biomecânicas pré-operatórias da córnea e astigmatismo induzido cirurgicamente e aberrações (exceto SA) após a cirurgia em nosso estudo, são necessários mais estudos com grupos de pacientes maiores de explicar os erros refrativos inesperados após a cirurgia de catarata.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Astigmatism/etiology , Cataract Extraction/adverse effects , Cornea/surgery , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/adverse effects , Corneal Wavefront Aberration/etiology , Postoperative Period , Biomechanical Phenomena , Prospective Studies , Preoperative Period
19.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 79(4): 255-257, July-Aug. 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-794585

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT A 51-year-old patient underwent posterior vitrectomy with perfluoropropane gas injection, phacoemulsification, and implantation of an Oft Cryl® hydrophilic acrylic intraocular lens (IOL) because of traumatic retinal detachment and cataract in the right eye. On the first postoperative day, gas was filling the anterior chamber because of patient's non-compliance in terms of head positioning, and was reabsorbed within one week. Eight months later, the patient returned complaining of a significant decrease in vision. IOL opacification was noticed by slit-lamp examination. The lens was explanted to undergo gross and light microscopic analysis. The lens was also stained with the alizarin red method for calcium identification. Light microscopic analysis confirmed the presence of granular deposits, densely distributed in an overall circular pattern in the central part of the lens optic. The granules stained positive for calcium. This is the first case of the opacification of this type of hydrophilic lens. Surgeons should be aware of this potential postoperative complication, and the use of hydrophilic IOLs should be avoided in procedures involving intracameral gas because of the risk of IOL opacification.


RESUMO Uma paciente de 51 anos foi submetida à vitrectomia posterior com injeção de gás perfluoropropano, facoemulsificação e implante de lente intraocular (LIO) acrílica hidrofílica Oft cryl® devido a descolamento traumático da retina e catarata. No primeiro dia pós-operatório, o gás estava ocupando a câmara anterior pois a paciente não manteve o decúbito ventral restrito, tendo sido absorvido ao longo de uma semana. Oito meses depois, a paciente retornou com baixa da acuidade visual. Ao exame foi evidenciado opacificação da lente intraocular. A lente foi explantada e submetida à análise macroscópica e sob microscopia óptica. Também, foi corada pelo método de vermelho de alizarina, que identifica cálcio. A análise sob microscopia óptica evidenciou depósitos granulares, densamente distribuídos em padrão circular na parte central da óptica da lente intraocular, que coraram positivo para cálcio. Esse é o primeiro relato de opacificação dessa lente hidrofílica. Os cirurgiões devem estar atentos para esta potencial complicação pós-operatória.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Prosthesis Failure/etiology , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/adverse effects , Lenses, Intraocular/adverse effects , Vitrectomy , Phacoemulsification , Device Removal , Fluorocarbons , Microscopy/methods
20.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 29(2): 199-218, abr.-jun. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-791537

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: evaluar los resultados de la facoemulsificación del cristalino transparente en pacientes con alta miopía. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal y prospectivo en el Hospital Enrique Cabrera, entre agosto del año 2006 y agosto de 2009. El universo estuvo constituido por pacientes altos miopes (³ 6 dioptrías) quienes acudieron a la consulta de Oftalmología durante el período señalado. La muestra fue de 110 ojos de 61 pacientes a quienes se le realizó extracción del cristalino transparente por la técnica de facoemulsificación con implante de lente intraocular, igual o mayores de 40 años, que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión y que dieron su consentimiento informado. Resultados: el 60 por ciento de los ojos intervenidos mejoraron la agudeza visual sin corrección. De los 110 ojos intervenidos, 108 conservaron una mejor agudeza visual corregida posoperatoria igual o superior a la preoperatoria. El equivalente esférico obtenido en más del 95 por ciento de los ojos quedó en el rango esperado, lo que demostró una elevada predictibilidad de la fórmula (SRK/T) utilizada para el cálculo de la potencia del lente intraocular implantado. El astigmatismo inducido fue mínimo. No se registraron complicaciones transoperatorias y las posoperatorias fueron pocas. Conclusión: la facoemulsificación del cristalino transparente en pacientes con alta miopía es una alternativa de tratamiento quirúrgico segura y eficaz(AU)


Objective: to evaluate the results of phacoemulsification technique in treating high myopic patients. Methods: a prospective, longitudinal and descriptive study was conducted in Enrique Cabrera hospital in the period of August 2006 to August 2009. The universe was made up of high myopic patients (³ 6 dioptries), who went to the ophthalmology service in this period. The sample was 110 eyes from 61 forty years-old and older patients who had undergone transparent crystalline lens extraction by the phacoemulsificación technique with intraocular lens implantation, met the inclusion criteria and given their informed consent. Results: sixty percent of surgical eyes improved their uncorrected visual acuity. Of 110 operated eyes, 108 kept best corrected visual acuity equal or better than preoperative one after the surgery. The spheral equivalent obtained in more than 95 percent of the eyes was within expected range, showing high predictability of the formula (SRK/T) used for the calculation of the intraocular lens power. Induced astigmatism was minimal. No perioperative complications were reported whereas postoperative ones were few. Conclusions: it can be concluded that phacoemulsification in high myopic patients is a safe and effective surgical treatment option(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Astigmatism/pathology , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/adverse effects , Phacoemulsification/statistics & numerical data , Refractive Errors/therapy , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Longitudinal Studies , Prospective Studies
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL